Acupuncture for Cervicogenic Headaches

Acupuncture for Cervicogenic Headaches

Acupuncture as a therapeutic intervention is being embraced by the medical community. This is in part because it is a non-pharmacological therapeutic intervention that is simple to carry out, economical, and has very few side effects. One area that is being explored is the use of acupuncture to decrease the individual’s headache frequency, intensity, duration and acute medication requirements.

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A Biopsychosocial Model: Many clinicians explain the mechanism of action in neurophysiological terms.

Evidence based acupuncture is an approach grounded in neuroscience that is based upon a theory that is inline current scientific understanding of how the body works. Using occam's razor the insertion of an acupuncture needle is a form of novel stimuli, that functions by sending anti-nociceptive input to the neuroimmune system. Stimulating endogenous opioid release, purinergic signaling and modulation of the endocannabinoid system.

Preferential sites for acupuncture stimulation are associated with areas rich in specialized sensory receptors such as muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs, ligament receptors, Paciniform and Ruffini’s receptors (joint capsules), deep pressure endings (within muscle belly), and free nerve endings (muscle and fascia). 

Based off the biopsychosocial model, all of these areas are highly innervated and as a result there are a number of physiological responses that help modulate the experience of pain. An observed favorable outcome may be explained by a number of overlapping mechanism in the periphery, spinal cord, and brain including represented in the image below.

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Structures to be Aware of When Treating Cervicogenic Headaches

My first recommendation for those who suffer from headaches is to work with a physician to develop strategies to manage symptoms. Then a treatment plan can be implemented based on patient-specific assessment findings and patient tolerance.